“Bird” is a free and open-source implementation of the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), which is used for routing between different autonomous systems (ASes) on the internet. BGP is the protocol used by internet service providers (ISPs) to exchange routing information and make decisions about the most efficient paths for network traffic.
Bird supports both IPv4 and IPv6 routing and is known for its speed, flexibility, and scalability. It also includes advanced features like route filtering, policy-based routing, and route redistribution between different routing protocols.
In addition to BGP, Bird supports several other routing protocols, including OSPF, RIP, and BFD. It is commonly used by network operators and service providers to manage large-scale networks and ensure efficient and reliable routing of traffic on the internet.
Bird BGP Configuration With ChatGPT help
content.id: bird bgp with 2 upstream example
ChatGPT: Sure, here’s an example configuration for using Bird BGP with two upstream providers:
# Configure global options
router id ;
protocol kernel {
persist;
scan time 20;
import all;
export all;
}
# Configure BGP sessions with each upstream provider
protocol bgp upstream1 {
local as ;
neighbor as ;
import all;
export all;
}
protocol bgp upstream2 {
local as ;
neighbor as ;
import all;
export all;
}
# Configure static routes for your network
protocol static {
route via ;
}
# Configure BGP to advertise your network to both upstream providers
protocol device {
scan time 60;
}
protocol bgp {
local as ;
import all;
export all;
multihop;
neighbor as {
description "Upstream1";
}
neighbor as {
description "Upstream2";
}
}
# Configure BGP route preference to prefer one upstream over the other
filter pref_upstream1 {
if net ~ then {
bgp_weight = 100;
}
}
# Apply the route preference filter to the BGP session with each upstream
protocol bgp upstream1 {
import filter pref_upstream1;
}
protocol bgp upstream2 {
import filter pref_upstream2;
}
# Configure BGP to redistribute static routes to both upstream providers
protocol bgp {
import all;
export where proto = "static";
}
In this example, we have configured two BGP sessions with each of our upstream providers (upstream1 and upstream2), and have set up static routes for our network. We then configure BGP to advertise our network to both upstream providers and to redistribute our static routes to them.
We have also configured a filter to prefer one upstream provider over the other, based on the network prefix. This can help ensure that traffic is routed over the most efficient path.
This is just a basic example, and you may need to modify it to suit your specific network configuration and requirements.
Content.id: one as backup upstream
ChatGPT: Sure, here’s an example configuration for using Bird BGP with one primary upstream provider and one backup upstream provider:
# Configure global options
router id ;
protocol kernel {
persist;
scan time 20;
import all;
export all;
}
# Configure BGP sessions with each upstream provider
protocol bgp primary {
local as ;
neighbor as ;
import all;
export all;
}
protocol bgp backup {
local as ;
neighbor as ;
import none;
export filter backup_routes;
}
# Configure static routes for your network
protocol static {
route via ;
}
# Configure BGP to advertise your network to the primary upstream provider
protocol device {
scan time 60;
}
protocol bgp {
local as ;
import all;
export all;
multihop;
neighbor as {
description "Primary";
}
neighbor as {
description "Backup";
}
}
# Configure a filter to export backup routes to the backup upstream
filter backup_routes {
if proto = "static" then accept;
}
# Configure BGP to monitor the primary upstream and failover to the backup upstream in case of failure
protocol bgp primary {
import all;
export all;
next hop self;
on up route all;
on down reject;
error limit 3 times 5;
}
protocol bgp backup {
import all;
export all;
next hop self;
import filter backup_routes;
}
# Configure BGP route preference to prefer the primary upstream over the backup upstream
filter pref_primary {
if net ~ then {
bgp_weight = 100;
}
}
# Apply the route preference filter to the primary upstream session
protocol bgp primary {
import filter pref_primary;
}
In this example, we have configured two BGP sessions with each of our upstream providers (primary and backup), and have set up static routes for our network. We then configure BGP to advertise our network to the primary upstream provider and to export backup routes to the backup upstream provider.
We have also configured BGP to monitor the primary upstream provider and failover to the backup upstream provider in case of failure. We use the on up and on down options to enable automatic route announcements when the primary provider comes back up or goes down. Additionally, we use the error limit option to specify how many consecutive errors are allowed before declaring the primary provider as down.
Finally, we configure a filter to prefer the primary upstream provider over the backup upstream provider based on the network prefix. This ensures that traffic is normally routed over the most efficient path, but fails over to the backup provider in case of a primary provider failure.
Content.id: 2 upstream 1 primary 1 backup and 1 downstream
ChatGPT: Here’s an example configuration for using Bird with two upstream providers (one primary and one backup) and one downstream provider:
# Configure global options
router id ;
protocol kernel {
persist;
scan time 20;
import all;
export all;
}
# Configure BGP sessions with each upstream provider
protocol bgp primary {
local as ;
neighbor as ;
import all;
export all;
}
protocol bgp backup {
local as ;
neighbor as ;
import none;
export where proto = "static" prepend ( );
}
# Configure static routes for your network
protocol static {
route via ;
}
# Configure BGP to advertise your network to the primary upstream provider
protocol device {
scan time 60;
}
protocol bgp {
local as ;
import all;
export all;
multihop;
neighbor as {
description "Primary";
}
neighbor as {
description "Backup";
}
}
# Configure BGP to use the Path Vector protocol
protocol bgp {
import all;
export filter pv_export;
next hop self;
}
# Configure a filter to export Path Vector information to the backup upstream
filter pv_export {
if proto = "bgp" then {
bgp_path.prepend( );
bgp_community.add( : );
accept;
}
}
# Configure BGP to monitor the primary upstream and failover to the backup upstream in case of failure
protocol bgp primary {
import all;
export all;
next hop self;
on up route all;
on down {
if (bgp_peer_nexthop(primary) != ) then {
reject;
}
}
error limit 3 times 5;
}
protocol bgp backup {
import all;
export where proto = "static" prepend ( );
next hop self;
}
# Configure BGP route preference to prefer the primary upstream over the backup upstream
filter pref_primary {
if net ~ then {
bgp_weight = 100;
}
}
# Apply the route preference filter to the primary upstream session
protocol bgp primary {
import filter pref_primary;
}
# Configure BGP sessions with the downstream provider
protocol bgp downstream {
local as ;
neighbor as ;
import all;
export all;
next hop self;
}
# Configure BGP to prefer the primary upstream for outgoing traffic to the downstream provider
filter pref_primary_out {
if net ~ then {
bgp_gateway = ;
accept;
}
}
# Apply the outgoing traffic preference filter to the downstream provider session
protocol bgp downstream {
import filter pref_primary_out;
}
In this example, we have configured two BGP sessions with each of our upstream providers (primary and backup), and one BGP session with our downstream provider. We have set up static routes for our network, and configured BGP to advertise our network to the primary upstream provider and to export Path Vector information to the backup upstream provider.
We use the prepend option to add our AS
Content.id: with primary as-path to he.net
ChatGPT: Here’s an example configuration for using Bird with one upstream provider (HE.net) as the primary with AS-path prepending to achieve path selection:
# Configure global options
router id ;
protocol kernel {
persist;
scan time 20;
import all;
export all;
}
# Configure BGP session with HE.net as primary
protocol bgp he.net {
local as ;
neighbor as ;
import all;
export all;
}
# Configure static routes for your network
protocol static {
route via ;
}
# Configure BGP to advertise your network to HE.net with AS-path prepending
protocol device {
scan time 60;
}
protocol bgp he.net {
local as ;
import all;
export filter he.net_export;
multihop;
neighbor as {
description "HE.net";
}
}
# Configure a filter to prepend your AS number to the AS-path for HE.net
filter he.net_export {
if net = then {
bgp_path.prepend( );
accept;
}
}
# Configure BGP to prefer the primary upstream over other paths
filter pref_primary {
if net ~ then {
bgp_local_pref = 200;
}
}
# Apply the route preference filter to the HE.net session
protocol bgp he.net {
import filter pref_primary;
}
In this example, we have configured one BGP session with HE.net as the primary upstream provider, and set up static routes for our network. We have configured BGP to advertise our network to HE.net with AS-path prepending using a filter.
To achieve path selection, we have added a filter to set the local preference to a higher value for the HE.net path. This will make it the preferred path over other paths.
Note that this is just one possible approach to achieve path selection, and there may be other factors to consider such as BGP communities, MEDs, and more complex route filtering. It’s important to carefully consider your specific needs and network topology when designing your BGP configuration.
Content.id: 2 upstream 1 primary with he.net 1 backup ifog and 1 downstream with as-path
ChatGPT: Here’s an example configuration for using Bird with two upstream providers (HE.net as primary and iFog as backup) and one downstream, with AS-path prepending to achieve path selection:
# Configure global options
router id ;
protocol kernel {
persist;
scan time 20;
import all;
export all;
}
# Configure BGP session with HE.net as primary
protocol bgp he.net {
local as ;
neighbor as ;
import all;
export filter he.net_export;
multihop;
neighbor as {
description "HE.net";
}
}
# Configure BGP session with iFog as backup
protocol bgp ifog {
local as ;
neighbor as ;
import all;
export filter ifog_export;
multihop;
neighbor as {
description "iFog";
}
}
# Configure static routes for your network
protocol static {
route via ;
}
# Configure BGP to advertise your network to HE.net with AS-path prepending
protocol device {
scan time 60;
}
filter he.net_export {
if net = then {
bgp_path.prepend( );
accept;
}
}
filter ifog_export {
if net = then {
bgp_path.prepend( );
accept;
}
}
# Configure BGP to prefer the primary upstream over other paths
filter pref_primary {
if net ~ then {
bgp_local_pref = 200;
}
}
# Configure BGP to prefer the backup upstream over other paths
filter pref_backup {
if net ~ then {
bgp_local_pref = 150;
}
}
# Apply the route preference filters to the BGP sessions
protocol bgp he.net {
import filter pref_primary;
}
protocol bgp ifog {
import filter pref_backup;
}
# Configure downstream BGP session to receive routes from both upstream providers
protocol bgp downstream {
local as ;
import all;
export all;
multihop;
neighbor as {
description "Downstream";
}
neighbor as {
import all;
export all;
description "HE.net";
}
neighbor as {
import all;
export all;
description "iFog";
}
}
In this example, we have configured two BGP sessions with HE.net as the primary upstream provider and iFog as the backup. We have set up static routes for our network and configured BGP to advertise our network to both upstream providers with AS-path prepending using filters.
To achieve path selection, we have added filters to set the local preference to a higher value for the primary and backup paths. This will make the primary path (HE.net) the preferred path over the backup path (iFog).
We have also configured a downstream BGP session to receive routes from both upstream providers.
Note that this is just one possible approach to achieve path selection, and there may be other factors to consider such as BGP communities
Content.id: 2 upstream 1 primary with he.net 1 backup ifog and 1 downstream with as-path with peering with ixp
ChatGPT: Here’s an example configuration for using Bird with two upstream providers (HE.net as primary and iFog as backup), one downstream, and peering with an Internet Exchange Point (IXP) for improved connectivity:
# Configure global options
router id ;
protocol kernel {
persist;
scan time 20;
import all;
export all;
}
# Configure BGP session with HE.net as primary
protocol bgp he.net {
local as ;
neighbor as ;
import all;
export filter he.net_export;
multihop;
neighbor as {
description "HE.net";
}
}
# Configure BGP session with iFog as backup
protocol bgp ifog {
local as ;
neighbor as ;
import all;
export filter ifog_export;
multihop;
neighbor as {
description "iFog";
}
}
# Configure static routes for your network
protocol static {
route via ;
}
# Configure BGP to advertise your network to HE.net with AS-path prepending
filter he.net_export {
if net = then {
bgp_path.prepend( );
accept;
}
}
filter ifog_export {
if net = then {
bgp_path.prepend( );
accept;
}
}
# Configure BGP to prefer the primary upstream over other paths
filter pref_primary {
if net ~ then {
bgp_local_pref = 200;
}
}
# Configure BGP to prefer the backup upstream over other paths
filter pref_backup {
if net ~ then {
bgp_local_pref = 150;
}
}
# Apply the route preference filters to the BGP sessions
protocol bgp he.net {
import filter pref_primary;
}
protocol bgp ifog {
import filter pref_backup;
}
# Configure downstream BGP session to receive routes from both upstream providers and IXP
protocol bgp downstream {
local as ;
import all;
export all;
multihop;
neighbor as {
description "Downstream";
}
neighbor as {
import all;
export all;
description "HE.net";
}
neighbor as {
import all;
export all;
description "iFog";
}
neighbor as {
import all;
export all;
description "IXP";
}
}
In this example, we have added an additional BGP session with the IXP, which provides peering with other networks and can improve connectivity. We have configured downstream BGP session to receive routes from both upstream providers and the IXP.
Note that peering with an IXP can have additional configuration requirements, such as configuring route servers and filtering policies. You should consult with the IXP documentation and follow their recommended best practices.
Content.id: 2 upstream 1 primary with he.net 1 backup ifog and 1 downstream as200160 with as-path with peering with ixp remove bogons. separate config file he.net ifog as200160 ixp and remove bogon
ChatGPT: Sure, here’s an example configuration file for each router, including the upstream providers, downstream customer, and IXP:
he.net Router Configuration
# Configure global options
router id 10.0.0.1;
protocol kernel {
persist;
scan time 20;
import all;
export all;
}
# Configure BGP session with iFog as backup
protocol bgp ifog {
local as 64501;
neighbor 10.0.0.2 as 64502;
import all;
export filter ifog_export;
multihop;
neighbor 10.0.0.2 as 64502 {
description "iFog";
}
}
# Configure static routes for your network
protocol static {
route 192.168.1.0/24 via 10.0.0.1;
}
# Configure BGP to advertise your network to iFog with AS-path prepending
filter ifog_export {
if net = 192.168.1.0/24 then {
bgp_path.prepend( 64501 );
accept;
}
}
# Configure BGP to prefer the primary upstream over other paths
filter pref_primary {
if net ~ 203.0.113.0/24 then {
bgp_local_pref = 200;
}
}
# Apply the route preference filter to the BGP session with iFog
protocol bgp ifog {
import filter pref_primary;
}
# Configure downstream BGP session to receive routes from both upstream providers and IXP
protocol bgp downstream {
local as 64500;
import all;
export filter downstream_export;
multihop;
neighbor 192.0.2.1 as 200160 {
import all;
export all;
description "AS200160";
}
neighbor 203.0.113.1 as 6939 {
import all;
export all;
description "HE.net";
}
neighbor 10.0.0.2 as 64502 {
import all;
export all;
description "iFog";
}
neighbor 192.168.0.1 as 64503 {
import filter ixp_import;
export filter ixp_export;
description "IXP";
}
}
# Configure filter for downstream BGP session to remove bogons
filter bogons {
if net ~ [
0.0.0.0/8,
10.0.0.0/8,
100.64.0.0/10,
127.0.0.0/8,
169.254.0.0/16,
172.16.0.0/12,
192.0.0.0/24,
192.0.2.0/24,
192.168.0.0/16
] then {
reject;
}
}
# Configure filter for IXP to only import routes from peering partners
filter ixp_import {
if net ~ 192.168.0.0/16 then {
accept;
} else {
reject;
}
}
# Configure filter for IXP to only export routes to peering partners
filter ixp_export {
if net ~ 192.168.0.0/16 then {
accept;
} else {
reject;
}
}
iFog Router Configuration
# Configure global options
router id 10.0.0.3;
protocol kernel {
persist;
scan time 20;
import all;
export all;
}
# Configure BGP session with HE.net as primary and iFog as backup
protocol bgp he_net {
local as 64502;
neighbor 203.0.113.1 as 6939;
import all;
export filter he_net_export;
multihop;
neighbor 203.0.113.1 as 6939 {
description "HE.net";
}
}
protocol bgp as200160 {
local as 64502;
neighbor 192.0.2.2 as 200160;
import all;
export all;
multihop;
neighbor 192.0.2.2 as 200160 {
description "AS200160";
}
}
# Configure static routes for your network
protocol static {
route 192.168.2.0/24 via 10.0.0.3;
}
# Configure BGP to advertise your network to HE.net with AS-path prepending
filter he_net_export {
if net = 192.168.2.0/24 then {
bgp_path.prepend( 64502 );
accept;
}
}
# Configure downstream BGP session to receive routes from both upstream providers and IXP
protocol bgp downstream {
local as 64500;
import all;
export all;
multihop;
neighbor 192.0.2.1 as 200160 {
import all;
export all;
description "AS200160";
}
neighbor 203.0.113.2 as 64501 {
import all;
export all;
description "HE.net";
}
neighbor 10.0.0.1 as 64503 {
import filter ixp_import;
export filter ixp_export;
description "IXP";
}
}
# Configure filter for downstream BGP session to remove bogons
filter bogons {
if net ~ [
0.0.0.0/8,
10.0.0.0/8,
100.64.0.0/10,
127.0.0.0/8,
169.254.0.0/16,
172.16.0.0/12,
192.0.0.0/24,
192.0.2.0/24,
192.168.0.0/16
] then {
reject;
}
}
# Configure filter for IXP to only import routes from peering partners
filter ixp_import {
if net ~ 192.168.0.0/16 then {
accept;
} else {
reject;
}
}
# Configure filter for IXP to only export routes to peering partners
filter ixp_export {
if net ~ 192.168.0.0/16 then {
accept;
} else {
reject;
}
}
as200160 Router Configuration
# Configure global options
router id 192.0.2.2;
protocol kernel {
persist;
scan time 20;
import all;
export all;
}
# Configure BGP session with iFog as primary and HE.net as backup
protocol bgp ifog {
local as 200160;
neighbor 192.0.2.1 as 64503;
import all;
export all;
multihop;
neighbor 192.0.2.1 as 64503 {
description "iFog";
}
}
protocol bgp he_net {
local as 200160;
neighbor 203.0.113.2 as 64501;
import all;
export filter he_net_export;
multihop;
neighbor 203.0.113.2 as 64501 {
description "HE.net";
}
}
# Configure static routes for your network
protocol static {
route 10.1.0.0/16 via 192.0.2.2;
}
# Configure BGP to advertise your network to iFog with AS-path prepending
filter ifog_export {
if net = 10.1.0.0/16 then {
bgp_path.prepend( 200160 );
accept;
}
}
# Configure downstream BGP session to receive routes from both upstream providers and IXP
protocol bgp downstream {
local as 64500;
import all;
export all;
multihop;
neighbor 192.0.2.3 as 200160 {
import all;
export all;
description "iFog";
}
neighbor 203.0.113.1 as 6939 {
import all;
export all;
description "HE.net";
}
neighbor 10.0.0.1 as 64502 {
import all;
export all;
description "IXP";
}
}
# Configure filter for downstream BGP session to remove bogons
filter bogons {
if net ~ [
0.0.0.0/8,
10.0.0.0/8,
100.64.0.0/10,
127.0.0.0/8,
169.254.0.0/16,
172.16.0.0/12,
192.0.0.0/24,
192.0.2.0/24,
192.168.0.0/16
] then {
reject;
}
}
# Configure filter for IXP to only import routes from peering partners
filter ixp_import {
if net ~ 192.168.0.0/16 then {
accept;
} else {
reject;
}
}
# Configure filter for IXP to only export routes to peering partners
filter ixp_export {
if net ~ 192.168.0.0/16 then {
accept;
} else {
reject;
}
}
# Configure filter for HE.net to advertise routes with AS-path prepending
filter he_net_export {
if net = 10.1.0.0/16 then {
bgp_path.prepend( 200160 );
accept;
}
}
ixp Router Configuration
# Configure global options
router id 192.0.2.3;
protocol kernel {
persist;
scan time 20;
import all;
export all;
}
# Configure BGP sessions with peering partners
protocol bgp peer1 {
local as 64502;
neighbor 192.168.0.1 as 64502;
import filter peer1_import;
export filter peer1_export;
multihop;
neighbor 192.168.0.1 as 64502 {
description "Peer1";
}
}
protocol bgp peer2 {
local as 64502;
neighbor 192.168.0.2 as 64502;
import filter peer2_import;
export filter peer2_export;
multihop;
neighbor 192.168.0.2 as 64502 {
description "Peer2";
}
}
# Configure filter to remove bogons
filter bogons {
if net ~ [
0.0.0.0/8,
10.0.0.0/8,
100.64.0.0/10,
127.0.0.0/8,
169.254.0.0/16,
172.16.0.0/12,
192.0.0.0/24,
192.0.2.0/24,
192.168.0.0/16
] then {
reject;
}
}
# Configure filter for peer1 to only import routes from AS200160
filter peer1_import {
if bgp_path.first_as = 200160 then {
accept;
} else {
reject;
}
}
# Configure filter for peer1 to only export routes to AS200160
filter peer1_export {
if bgp_path.first_as = 200160 then {
accept;
} else {
reject;
}
}
# Configure filter for peer2 to only import routes from AS64501 (HE.net)
filter peer2_import {
if bgp_path.first_as = 64501 then {
accept;
} else {
reject;
}
}
# Configure filter for peer2 to only export routes to AS64501 (HE.net)
filter peer2_export {
if bgp_path.first_as = 64501 then {
accept;
} else {
reject;
}
}
Thats it, ChatGPT help to configure Bird BGP configuration, and configure Bird BGP with ChatGPT
